Description
1. Signal Amplification
A tiny electrical signal (such as a 5V output from a microcontroller like an Arduino) cannot power a high-wattage appliance directly. A relay uses this small signal to safely switch a large current load (like a 120V or 240V motor).
2. Electrical Isolation
Relays provide physical and electrical separation between the control circuit and the high-power load
. This ensures that any power surges, short circuits, or faults in the heavy-duty equipment are kept away from sensitive, low-voltage control electronics.
3. Safety and Automation
Relays are widely used for protection and automated control. For instance, in industrial and automotive applications, they allow a single control signal to operate multiple devices simultaneously or act as fault detectors that automatically trip and disconnect power when abnormal conditions (like overloads) occur.
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